pcb柔性線(xian)路(lu)板生產流(liu)程中曬阻焊工序(xu)工藝詳解

pcb柔性線路板曬(shai)阻(zu)焊工序(xu)大致可分為(wei)三道(dao)操(cao)作程序(xu)：

pcb柔性線路板道程序為曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)。首先，在開始曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)以前(qian)要(yao)檢(jian)查曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)框(kuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚脂薄膜及玻璃框(kuang)是(shi)否(fou)干凈(jing)(jing)，如(ru)果不干凈(jing)(jing)應(ying)及時(shi)用(yong)防靜電布擦拭干凈(jing)(jing)，然(ran)后，打(da)開曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電源開關，再打(da)開真空(kong)鈕選(xuan)擇曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)程序，搖動曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)快門(men)，在未開始正式曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)前(qian)，應(ying)先讓曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)機(ji)“空(kong)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)”五次(ci)，“空(kong)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)是(shi)使機(ji)器能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)進入(ru)飽和的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作狀態(tai)，***主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)使紫(zi)外線曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)燈能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)進入(ru)正常范圍(wei)。如(ru)果不“空(kong)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)”曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)燈的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)未進入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作狀態(tai)。在曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)中就會使印(yin)(yin)(yin)制板出現問題。“空(kong)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)”五次(ci)后，曝(pu)(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)機(ji)己進入(ru)工作狀態(tai)，在用(yong)照相底(di)(di)版對位以前(qian)，要(yao)檢(jian)查底(di)(di)版質量(liang)(liang)是(shi)否(fou)合(he)格。檢(jian)查底(di)(di)版上(shang)藥膜面是(shi)否(fou)有針孔和露光(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)，與印(yin)(yin)(yin)制板的(de)(de)(de)(de)圖(tu)形是(shi)否(fou)一致，因為這將(jiang)檢(jian)查照像底(di)(di)版可(ke)以避免因為一些不必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因使印(yin)(yin)(yin)制板返(fan)工或報(bao)廢。

曬(shai)(shai)阻(zu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)通常采用(yong)(yong)(yong)目視定位(wei)(wei)(wei)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)銀(yin)鹽底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，把底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)與(yu)印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)孔重(zhong)合(he)(he)對(dui)準，用(yong)(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)帶固(gu)定即可進行曝(pu)光。在(zai)(zai)對(dui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)會(hui)遇到的(de)(de)曬(shai)(shai)阻(zu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)通常采用(yong)(yong)(yong)目視定位(wei)(wei)(wei)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)銀(yin)鹽底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，把底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)與(yu)印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)孔重(zhong)合(he)(he)對(dui)準，用(yong)(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)帶固(gu)定即可進行曝(pu)光。在(zai)(zai)對(dui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)會(hui)遇到的(de)(de)問題(ti)(ti)很(hen)多，比如(ru)說，因為(wei)底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)與(yu)溫度、濕度等(deng)因素有(you)關，如(ru)果(guo)溫度與(yu)濕度不控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好(hao)，照(zhao)相(xiang)(xiang)底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)有(you)可能縮小(xiao)或放(fang)大(da)變形，這樣在(zai)(zai)曬(shai)(shai)阻(zu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)時(shi)候，照(zhao)相(xiang)(xiang)底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)與(yu)印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)不是(shi)完全吻合(he)(he)。在(zai)(zai)底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)縮小(xiao)的(de)(de)時(shi)候，看(kan)底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)與(yu)印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)相(xiang)(xiang)差(cha)有(you)多少，如(ru)果(guo)相(xiang)(xiang)差(cha)很(hen)小(xiao)，可以(yi)在(zai)(zai)熱風整平時(shi)上鉛錫(xi)，那么，就沒有(you)很(hen)大(da)問題(ti)(ti)可以(yi)進行硒阻(zu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)。如(ru)果(guo)相(xiang)(xiang)差(cha)很(hen)大(da)，只有(you)重(zhong)新(xin)翻版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，盡量使(shi)底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)重(zhong)合(he)(he)。在(zai)(zai)對(dui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)以(yi)前(qian)，還應(ying)注意(yi)(yi)底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)藥膜(mo)面是(shi)否翻反(fan)，應(ying)保證藥膜(mo)面在(zai)(zai)對(dui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)時(shi)朝下，如(ru)果(guo)朝上，使(shi)藥膜(mo)面被劃傷，從而(er)導(dao)致底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)露(lu)光，使(shi)曬(shai)(shai)出(chu)的(de)(de)印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)不需(xu)曝(pu)光處有(you)阻(zu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)料，嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)會(hui)造成印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)報廢。另外，還要注意(yi)(yi)有(you)時(shi)拼(pin)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)會(hui)與(yu)印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)圖形不重(zhong)合(he)(he)，通常將拼(pin)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)底(di)(di)(di)版(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)沿拼(pin)板(ban)的(de)(de)邊緣剪開，然后(hou)單拼(pin)對(dui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，將整個印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)對(dui)好(hao)后(hou)進行曝(pu)光。以(yi)上問題(ti)(ti)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)正式曝(pu)光硒阻(zu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)前(qian)應(ying)注意(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)問題(ti)(ti)。

然(ran)后(hou)(hou)，進(jin)行曬(shai)阻(zu)焊(han)(han)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)以(yi)前(qian)應(ying)檢查(cha)(cha)印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)是否被真空(kong)盒吸覆(fu)。真空(kong)吸覆(fu)的(de)(de)(de)壓力應(ying)充足無露(lu)氣(qi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)。如(ru)果露(lu)氣(qi)會(hui)使紫(zi)外(wai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)沿(yan)板(ban)子側面(mian)(mian)照(zhao)進(jin)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)內，造成遮(zhe)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)處曝(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)，顯(xian)影(ying)(ying)不(bu)(bu)掉(diao)，有(you)(you)(you)時遇到(dao)單(dan)面(mian)(mian)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)這種(zhong)情況(kuang)下，把單(dan)面(mian)(mian)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)用黑(hei)色布與(yu)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)燈(deng)射(she)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)紫(zi)外(wai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)隔開，如(ru)果不(bu)(bu)用黑(hei)布，紫(zi)外(wai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)透過(guo)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)透射(she)到(dao)焊(han)(han)盤(pan)里使焊(han)(han)盤(pan)孔(kong)里的(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)焊(han)(han)料經過(guo)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)后(hou)(hou)，顯(xian)影(ying)(ying)不(bu)(bu)掉(diao)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)兩面(mian)(mian)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)時，先網(wang)印(yin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)阻(zu)焊(han)(han)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)進(jin)行單(dan)面(mian)(mian)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)，顯(xian)影(ying)(ying)后(hou)(hou)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)網(wang)印(yin)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)阻(zu)焊(han)(han)，因為，如(ru)果兩面(mian)(mian)同時網(wang)印(yin)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)，有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)復(fu)雜焊(han)(han)盤(pan)多，需(xu)要(yao)遮(zhe)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)(fen)多，而另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)需(xu)要(yao)遮(zhe)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)(fen)少，使紫(zi)外(wai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)透過(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)照(zhao)射(she)到(dao)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)，遮(zhe)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)多的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)經過(guo)紫(zi)外(wai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)照(zhao)射(she)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)顯(xian)影(ying)(ying)時顯(xian)不(bu)(bu)掉(diao)影(ying)(ying)，會(hui)造成返工或(huo)報廢。在(zai)(zai)(zai)曝(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)過(guo)程(cheng)中，也(ye)會(hui)遇到(dao)網(wang)印(yin)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)固化(hua)時沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，這種(zhong)情況(kuang)下，在(zai)(zai)(zai)對位(wei)時會(hui)使阻(zu)焊(han)(han)料沾到(dao)照(zhao)相底版上，而且，印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)也(ye)要(yao)返工，所以(yi)，發現不(bu)(bu)干(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，尤(you)其是大部分(fen)(fen)印(yin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)就要(yao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)放(fang)到(dao)烘(hong)(hong)箱(xiang)中重(zhong)新烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)。這些情況(kuang)都是曝(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)過(guo)程(cheng)中易出(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題，所以(yi)要(yao)認真檢查(cha)(cha)，及時發現，及時解(jie)決。

第二道(dao)工序是顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)。顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)操作一(yi)般要在顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)機中進行，控(kong)制好顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)、傳(chuan)送速度(du)(du)(du)、噴淋壓(ya)力等顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)參數，能夠(gou)得(de)到(dao)***的(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)效果。顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)是把(ba)遮光的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)用(yong)顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)溶液(ye)去掉焊(han)盤上的(de)(de)(de)阻焊(han)。顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)溶液(ye)是百(bai)分(fen)之一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)無水碳酸(suan)鈉，液(ye)溫(wen)通(tong)常在三(san)十(shi)至三(san)十(shi)五攝氏(shi)度(du)(du)(du)之間(jian)。在正式顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)之前，要把(ba)顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)機升溫(wen)，使溶液(ye)達(da)到(dao)預定溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)，從(cong)而達(da)到(dao)***的(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)效果。顯(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)機分(fen)三(san)個部(bu)分(fen)：***段是噴淋段，主要是利用(yong)高壓(ya)噴射無水碳酸(suan)鈉，使未被曝(pu)光的(de)(de)(de)阻焊(han)劑溶解下來;

第(di)二段(duan)(duan)(duan)是(shi)(shi)水洗(xi)段(duan)(duan)(duan)，首先是(shi)(shi)利用(yong)高(gao)壓泵水洗(xi)，先將(jiang)殘留溶液水洗(xi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)凈，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)進入循環(huan)水洗(xi)，***洗(xi)凈;第(di)三段(duan)(duan)(duan)是(shi)(shi)吹(chui)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)段(duan)(duan)(duan)，吹(chui)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)段(duan)(duan)(duan)前后(hou)(hou)各(ge)有(you)一(yi)個(ge)風刀主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)用(yong)熱風把板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)子(zi)(zi)吹(chui)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)，再有(you)吹(chui)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)段(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)溫度(du)較(jiao)高(gao)也(ye)可把板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)子(zi)(zi)烘干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)。正確(que)(que)的(de)(de)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)時間通過顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)點(dian)來確(que)(que)定(ding)，顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)點(dian)***保持(chi)在顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)段(duan)(duan)(duan)總長度(du)的(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)恒定(ding)百分(fen)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)，如果顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)點(dian)離顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)段(duan)(duan)(duan)出(chu)(chu)口太(tai)近，未(wei)曝(pu)光(guang)的(de)(de)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)焊(han)層(ceng)得(de)不到充分(fen)的(de)(de)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)會造(zao)成未(wei)曝(pu)光(guang)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)焊(han)層(ceng)的(de)(de)殘余可能留在板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)面上(shang)(shang)，如果顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)點(dian)離顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)段(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)入口太(tai)近，被曝(pu)光(guang)的(de)(de)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)焊(han)層(ceng)由(you)于(yu)與顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)液過長時問的(de)(de)接觸，可能被浸蝕而變得(de)發(fa)毛，失去光(guang)澤(ze)。通常顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)點(dian)控制(zhi)在顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)段(duan)(duan)(duan)總長度(du)的(de)(de)40%—60%之內(nei)，另外，要注(zhu)意在顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)時，很(hen)容易將(jiang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)子(zi)(zi)劃(hua)傷，通常解決的(de)(de)方(fang)法，是(shi)(shi)在顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)影(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)時，放(fang)(fang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)子(zi)(zi)操作人員要戴(dai)手套，對板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)子(zi)(zi)要輕拿輕放(fang)(fang)，還有(you)是(shi)(shi)印(yin)制(zhi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)尺寸大(da)小(xiao)不一(yi)，所(suo)以(yi)，盡量尺寸差不多大(da)的(de)(de)一(yi)起放(fang)(fang)，在放(fang)(fang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)子(zi)(zi)時，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)子(zi)(zi)與板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)子(zi)(zi)之間要保持(chi)***間距，以(yi)防止傳動時，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)子(zi)(zi)擁擠(ji)，造(zao)成“卡(ka)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”等現象(xiang)。顯(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)完影(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)后(hou)(hou)，將(jiang)印(yin)制(zhi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)放(fang)(fang)在木制(zhi)托(tuo)架上(shang)(shang)。